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El Paso, Texas El Paso . El Paso, Texas City of El Paso From upper left: The Cathedral of Saint Patrick, star on the Franklin Mountains, North Franklin Peak, downtown El Paso skyline, Wyler Aerial Tramway, Ysleta Mission From upper left: The Cathedral of Saint Patrick, star on the Franklin Mountains, North Franklin Peak, downtown El Paso skyline, Wyler Aerial Tramway, Ysleta Mission Flag of El Paso, Texas Flag Official seal of El Paso, Texas Location in El Paso County and the state of Texas Location in El Paso County and the state of Texas County El Paso Metropolitan Area El Paso Primary Airport El Paso International Airport El Paso (/ l p so / el pass-oh; from Spanish, "the pass") is the seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States. El Paso stands on the Rio Grande river athwart the Mexico United States border from Ciudad Juarez, the biggest city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. State of New Mexico, form a combined global urbane region sometimes referred to as the Paso del Norte or El Paso Juarez Las Cruces. The town/city is the command posts of one Fortune 500 and three publicly interchanged companies, as well as home to the Medical Center of the Americas, the only medical research and care provider complex in West Texas and southern New Mexico, and the University of Texas at El Paso, the city's major university. Fort Bliss is one of the biggest military complexes of the United States Army and the biggest training region in the United States. Also headquartered in El Paso are the DEA domestic field division 7, El Paso Intelligence Center, Joint Task Force North, U.S. Border Patrol El Paso Sector, and U.S. In 2010, El Paso received an All-America City Award. El Paso has been ranked the safest large town/city in the U.S. Metropolitan region covers all of El Paso and Hudspeth counties in Texas, and has a populace of 838,972. The El Paso MSA forms part of the larger El Paso Las Cruces CSA, with a populace of 1,053,267. 4.1 Downtown and central El Paso 4.3 West central El Paso 7.1.5 El Paso Balloonfest 7.2.1 El Paso Downtown Street Festival El Paso 7.3.2 El Paso Symphony Orchestra 7.3.3 Ballet in El Paso 13 El Paso in prominent culture Main articles: History of El Paso, Texas and Timeline of El Paso, Texas The El Paso region has had human settlement for thousands of years, as evidenced by Folsom points from hunter-gatherers found at Hueco Tanks. Spanish explorer Don Juan de Onate was born in 1550 in Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico and was the first New Spain (Mexico) explorer known to have observed the Rio Grande near El Paso, in 1598, celebrating a Thanksgiving Mass there on April 30, 1598 (decades before the Pilgrims' Thanksgiving). However, the four survivors of the Narvaez expedition, Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, Alonso del Castillo Maldonado, Andres Dorantes de Carranza, and his enslaved Moor Estevanico, are thought to have passed through the region in the mid-1530s. El Paso del Norte (present-day Ciudad Juarez) was established on the south bank of the Rio Bravo del Norte (Rio Grande), in 1659 by Fray Garcia de San Francisco. In 1680, the small village of El Paso became the temporary base for Spanish governance of the territory of New Mexico as a result of the Pueblo Revolt, until 1692 when Santa Fe was reconquered and once again became the capital. El Paso remained the biggest settlement in New Mexico until its cession to the U.S. However, the village which consisted of El Paso and the encircling area remained essentially a self-governed improve with both delegates of the Mexican and Texan government negotiating for control until Texas irrevocably took control in 1846. Given the reclamations of the Texas Republic that wanted a chunk of the Santa Fe trade, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo effectively made the settlements on the north bank of the river a formal American settlement, separate from Old El Paso del Norte on the Mexican side. The present Texas New Mexico boundary placing El Paso on the Texas side was drawn in the Compromise of 1850. El Paso County was established in March 1850, with San Elizario as the first county seat. A military post called "The Post opposite El Paso" (meaning opposite El Paso del Norte, athwart the Rio Grande) was established in 1854. Further west, a settlement on Coons' Rancho called Franklin became the nucleus of the future El Paso, Texas. A year later, pioneer Anson Mills instead of his plan of the town, calling it El Paso. El Paso itself, incorporated in 1873, encompassed the small region communities that had advanced along the river. The locale of El Paso as well as the arrival of these more wild newcomers caused the town/city to turn into a violent and wild boomtown known as the "Six Shooter Capital" because of its lawlessness. Indeed, prostitution and gambling flourished until World War I, when the Department of the Army pressured El Paso authorities to crack down on vice (thus benefitting vice in neighboring Ciudad Juarez). Louis Street, El Paso, Texas (postcard, about 1908) In 1909, William Howard Taft and Porfirio Diaz prepared a summit in El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, an historic first meeting between a U.S. Moore, a Texas Ranger, identified a man holding a concealed palm pistol standing at the El Paso Chamber of Commerce building along the procession route. Burnham and Moore captured, disarmed, and arrested the assassin inside only a several feet of Taft and Diaz. Downtown El Paso in 1908 Mesa Avenue, the heart of El Paso, Texas (postcard, about 1917) In reply, the Catholic Church attempted to garner the Mexican-American community's allegiance through education and political and civic involvement organizations, including the National Catholic Welfare Fund. In 1916, the Enumeration Bureau reported El Paso's populace as 53% Mexican and 44% white. General Pershing's punitive expedition camp near the border, El Paso, Texas (postcard, about 1916): Franklin Mountains, left-to-right (i.e., south-to-north) are: Ranger Peak, Sugarloaf Mountain, and part of South Franklin Mountain The El Paso and Northeastern Railway was chartered in 1897, to help extract the natural resources of encircling areas, especially in southeastern New Mexico Territory. The 1920s and 1930s saw the emergence of primary company development in the city, partially enabled by Prohibition-era bootlegging. However, the military demobilization, an agricultural economic depression which hit places like El Paso first before the larger Great Depression was felt in the big cities, hit the town/city hard. In turn, as in the rest of the United States, the Depression era overall hit the town/city hard, and El Paso's populace declined through the end of World War II with most of populace losses coming from the white community. Additionally, the departure of region's non-urban population, which was mostly white, to metros/cities like El Paso, brought a short term burst of capital and labor. El Paso and the Franklin Mountains with snow from winter storm Goliath; neighborhoods around Austin High School (center) are shown, from central El Paso at the bottom to Northeast El Paso at the top. El Paso is at 31 47 25 N 106 25 24 W (31.790208, 106.423242). It lies at the intersection of three states (Texas, New Mexico, and Chihuahua) and two countries (the U.S. El Paso is closer to the capital metros/cities of four other states - Phoenix, Arizona (348 miles away); Santa Fe, New Mexico, (272 miles away); Ciudad Chihuahua, Chihuahua, (212 miles away); and Hermosillo, Sonora (327 miles away) - than it is to the capital of its own state, Austin (526 miles away). El Paso is positioned inside the Chihuahuan Desert, the easternmost section of the Basin and Range Region. The Franklin Mountains extend into El Paso from the north and nearly divide the town/city into two sections; the west side forms the beginnings of the Mesilla Valley, and the east side expands into the desert and lower valley. The 24,000-acre (9,700 ha) Franklin Mountains State Park, the biggest urban park in the United States, lies entirely in El Paso, extending from the north and dividing the town/city into a several sections along with Fort Bliss and El Paso International Airport. The river defines the border between El Paso and Ciudad Juarez to the south and west until the river turns north of the border with Mexico, separating El Paso from Dona Ana County, New Mexico. Cristo Rey, an example of a pluton, rises inside the Rio Grande Rift just to the west of El Paso on the New Mexico side of the Rio Grande. When this moisture moves into the El Paso region and places to the southwest, orographic lift from the mountain peaks, combined with strong daytime heating, causes thunderstorms, some harsh enough to produce flash flooding and hail, athwart the region. The sun shines 302 days per year on average in El Paso, 83% of daylight hours, as stated to the National Weather Service; from this, the town/city is nicknamed "The Sun City". Due to its arid, windy climate, El Paso often experiences sand and dust storms amid the dry season, especially during the springtime between March and early May. On April 4 7, 1983, 16.5 inches of snow fell on El Paso, bringing the cyclic total to nearly 30 inches. On December 13 14, 1987, a record storm dumped over 22 inches of snow on El Paso, and two weeks later (December 25 26), another three inches fell, bringing the monthly total for December 1987 to an all-time record high of 25.9 inches. (65 cm) of snow. The average annual snow flurry for the town/city varies widely between different neighborhoods at different elevations, but is 6.1 inches at the airport (but with a median of 0, meaning most years see no snow at all). One example of El Paso's varying climate at its most extreme was the damaging winter storm of early February 2011, which caused closures of schools, businesses, and City Hall. Rio Grande in west El Paso near New Mexico state line Climate data for El Paso Int'l, Texas (1981 2010 normals, extremes 1879 present) Main articles: Downtown El Paso and Central El Paso The Cathedral of Saint Patrick, assembled in 1916, is positioned in Central El Paso. Today, central El Paso has grown into the center of the city's economy and a grow urban community. It is close to the El Paso International Airport, the global border, and Fort Bliss. It is part of the El Paso Independent School District. James Day, an El Paso historian, said that downtown's chief company region was originally centered between Second Avenue (now Paisano Drive) and San Francisco Avenue. Many of the Chinese Americans participated in the building of barns s in the El Paso area. Another downtown neighborhood is El Segundo Barrio, which is near the United States/Mexico border. El Paso's upper valley in northwest El Paso Better known as West El Paso or the West Side, the region includes a portion of the Rio Grande floodplain upstream from downtown which is known locally as the Upper Valley and is positioned on the west side of the Franklin Mountains. It is one of the fastest-growing areas of El Paso. Main article: West central El Paso West central El Paso is positioned north of Interstate 10 and west of the Franklin Mountains. The University of Texas at El Paso and the Cincinnati Entertainment precinct are positioned in the heart of the area. This part of town is positioned north of central El Paso and east of the Franklin Mountains. The Northeast has not advanced as quickly as other areas like east El Paso and northwest El Paso, but its evolution is steadily increasing. East El Paso is noted also for its ridges and cliffs which offer desirable views of the lower valley, the Franklin Mountains and downtown El Paso. Main article: Mission Valley (El Paso) It is the third biggest area of the city, behind east El Paso and central El Paso. This locale is considered the earliest region of El Paso, dating back to the late 17th century when present-day Texas was under the rule of Nueva Espana (New Spain). In 1680 the Isleta Pueblo tribe revolted against the Spaniards who were pushed south to what is now El Paso. On April 30, 1598, the northward-bound Spanish conquistadors crossed large sand dunes about 27 miles south of present-day downtown El Paso. El Paso is surrounded by many metros/cities and communities in both Texas and New Mexico. Although Anthony, Santa Teresa, Sunland Park, and Chaparral lie adjoining to El Paso County, they are considered to be part of the Las Cruces, New Mexico urbane region by the United States Enumeration Bureau. The Hueco Mountains can be seen toward the east, and Downtown El Paso can be seen to the south (far right of the image). 10 El Paso County Courthouse 185 ft (56 m) 13 - El Paso's tallest building, the Wells Fargo Plaza, was assembled in the early 1970s as State National Plaza. During the Christmas holidays, a design of a Christmas tree was used, and at times, the letters "UTEP" were used to support University of Texas at El Paso athletics. El Paso 1850 to 2006 Map of ethnic distribution in El Paso, 2010 U.S. According to the 2010 US Census, the ethnic composition of El Paso was: El Paso has a diversified economy concentrated primarily inside global trade, military, government civil service, petroleum and gas, community care, tourism and service sectors. The El Paso metro region had a GDP of $29 billion in 2011. There were also $92 billion worth of trade in 2012. Over the past 15 years the town/city has turn into a momentous locale for American-based call centers. El Paso has added a momentous manufacturing zone with items and goods produced that include petroleum, metals, medical devices, plastics, machinery, defense-related goods and automotive parts. El Paso is home to one Fortune 500 company, Western Refining, which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. This makes the town/city one of six Texas metro areas to have at least one Fortune 500 business call it home; the the rest being Houston, Dallas-Fort Worth, San Antonio, Austin and Corpus Christi. The second publicly interchanged business is Helen of Troy Limited, a NASDAQ-listed business that manufactures personal community care products under many labels, such as OXO, Dr. Scholl's, Vidal Sassoon, Pert Plus, Brut and Sunbeam, and the third is El Paso Electric listed on the New York Stock Exchange, a enhance utility engaging in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity in west Texas and southern New Mexico. 2 El Paso Independent School District 3 City of El Paso 7 University of Texas at El Paso 8 El Paso Healthcare System, LTD. 9 El Paso County More than 70 Fortune 500 companies have offices in El Paso, including AT&T, ADP, Boeing, Charles Schwab, Delphi, dish network, Eureka, Hoover, Raytheon, Prudential Financial, USAA and Verizon Wireless. Hispanic Business Magazine encompassed 28 El Paso companies in its list of the 500 biggest Hispanic owned businesses in the United States. El Paso's 28 companies are second only to Miami's 57. El Paso was home to El Paso Corporation formerly known as El Paso Natural Gas Company. The defense trade in El Paso employs over 41,000 and provides a $6 billion annual impact to the city's economy. Fort Bliss was chosen as the newly configured U.S. Operations headquartered in El Paso include the DEA domestic field division 7, El Paso Intelligence Center, Joint Task Force North, U.S. Border Patrol El Paso Sector and U.S. Call center operations employ more than 10,000 citizens in the area. Automatic Data Processing has an office in West El Paso, employing about 1,100 citizens with expansion plans to reach 2,200 by 2020. Tourism is another primary industry in El Paso, bringing in $1.5 billion-a-year and over 2.3 million visitors annually due to the city's sunny weather, natural beauty, rich cultural history and many outside attractions. El Paso's three large school districts are among the biggest employers in the area, employing more than 20,000 citizens among them. The Southwestern International PRCA Rodeo is the 17th earliest rodeo in the country and El Paso's longest running sporting event. The three-day Fiesta is held each year amid the Labor Day weekend and emphasizes El Paso's Hispanic tradition and culture. The festival attracts 20,000 to 30,000 visitors from El Paso County, New Mexico, West Texas and the State of Chihuahua, Mexico. Activities encompassed in the Fiesta are crowning of the Queen, a Fiesta Parade, Senior Appreciation Dance, Military Appreciation Day, and live Entertainment. Cleveland Square in downtown El Paso is where many of the celebrations are held annually. The El Paso Balloonfest is an annual event jubilated on Memorial Day weekend and is self described as "3 days of hot air balloons filling the El Paso skies, 3 afternoons of concerts and fun in the sun at Wet N' Wild Waterworld in Anthony, Texas." El Paso Downtown Street Festival The annual El Paso Downtown Street Festival is held amid the last weekend of June in downtown El Paso near the El Paso Convention center. It is the earliest musical festival in the town/city and brings local, county-wide and nationally known acts. The annual Neon Desert Music Festival is a two-day event usually held on the last Saturday and Sunday of May on five stages in downtown El Paso stretching from San Jacinto Plaza to Cleveland Square. The festival brings over 30 acts from the worlds of indie rock, Latin and electronic dance music. The only El Paso musical festival not held downtown; instead it is held at Ascarate Park. The Texas Showdown Festival is an annual event celebrating musicians and tattoo artists under one roof. Dubbed as the world's biggest tattoo and musical festival, the event is held usually the last weekend of July at the El Paso County Coliseum. The El Paso Symphony was established in the 1930s, it is the earliest performing arts organization in El Paso and the longest continuously running symphony orchestra in the state of Texas. It has received both nationwide and global recognition as a result of its very prosperous tours of Germany in 1996 and Turkey in 2000, and continues to represent the El Paso region with pride and distinct ion. Heuser taught ballet at the University of Texas at El Paso for 47 years and established the city's first experienced ballet company, firstly known as Texas Western Civic Ballet and eventually as Ballet El Paso. The El Paso Youth Ballet was established in 2009 by Heuser's previous student, Marta Katz, following Heuser's departure from the university. The youth business continues to perform the Nutcracker and other pre-professional pieces in and around the El Paso area. El Paso City Ballet is a current experienced ballet business in El Paso, providing small-town employment for experienced dancers in the field of ballet. The Abraham Chavez Theatre, adjoining to the El Paso Convention and Performing Arts Center, welcomes patrons with a three-story-high glass-windowed entry and unique sombrero-shaped architecture, making it a distinct feature on El Paso's southwestern landscape. El Paso Museum of Art The Centennial Museum and Chihuahuan Desert Gardens, positioned on the grounds of UTEP, includes a elected compilation of El Paso Brown, Native American pottery, as well as educational exhibits for students. The El Paso Museum of Archaeology is positioned on the easterly slope of North Franklin Mountain, west of Gateway South Blvd. The exhibition includes dioramas for school kids which illustrate the culture and geology of the American Southwest, such as Hueco Tanks in El Paso County. The El Paso Museum of Art is positioned next to the Plaza Theater adjoining to San Jacinto Plaza, the enhance square downtown. El Paso Holocaust Museum and Study Center International Museum of Art El Paso Insights El Paso Science Museum The National Border Patrol Museum is positioned adjoining to the El Paso Museum of Archaeology. El Paso High School University of Texas at El Paso The university's distinct ive style is a type of fortress architecture, Dzong, found in the present and former Buddhist mountain kingdoms of the Himalayas, Bhutan and Tibet. Within driving distance from El Paso are nine state parks, two nationwide parks, two nationwide monuments, one nationwide memorial and a nationwide forest. On September 18, 2012, the town/city council voted to approve the demolition of the current town/city hall to make way for Southwest University Park, to be the new home of the El Paso Chihuahuas Triple-A team (San Diego Padres affiliate) beginning with the 2014 season. The El Paso Patriots played their last season in 2013 and are no longer an organization. El Paso Chihuahuas Baseball AAA PCL Southwest University Park 9,500 El Paso Rhinos Ice Hockey WSHL Sierra Providence Event Center 5,250 El Paso Coyotes Indoor Soccer MASL Sierra Providence Event Center 5,250 El Paso is home to the biggest urban park in the nation. The Franklin Mountains State Park, with its more than 24,248 acres (9,813 ha), is completely positioned inside the town/city limits. Hueco Tanks State Historic Site is a Texas historic site in the Hueco Tanks area, approximately 32 miles (51 km) northeast of El Paso. The El Paso Municipal Rose Garden or officially known as the All-American Rose Selection (AARS) enhance garden is one of over 100 certified plant nurseries inside the United States. Feather Lake is a 43.5-acre (17.6 ha) wildlife sanctuary based on a 40-acre (16 ha) wetland assembled by the City of El Paso in 1969 as a stormwater-retention basin. Rio Bosque Wetlands is a 372-acre (151 ha) town/city park, managed by the Center for Environmental Resource Management of the University of Texas at El Paso, which began restoration accomplishments in 1998. El Paso Country Club El Paso City Council The current town/city manager is Tommy Gonzalez and the current mayor of El Paso is Oscar Leeser, who was propel to the office in 2013. The El Paso County Judge is Veronica Escobar, and the county commissioners are Carlos Leon (Precinct 1), David Stout (Precinct 2), Vince Perez (Precinct 3), and Andrew Haggerty (Precinct 4). The El Paso urbane region is represented in the Texas State House by Democrats Cesar Blanco, Mary Gonzalez, Joe Moody, Lina Ortega and Joe Pickett, and in the State Senate by Jose R. The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates the El Paso I District Parole Office in the city. The El Paso II District Parole Office is in an unincorporated region east of Horizon City. El Paso City and County vote overwhelmingly Democratic, like most of the Texas Mexico border region and urban Texas. The El Paso urbane region is represented by Beto O'Rourke (D-El Paso), and Will Hurd (R-San Antonio) in the House of Representatives. The current U.S. El Paso is home to the University of Texas at El Paso, the biggest enhance college in the region. Foster School of Medicine inside Texas Tech University HSC at El Paso's ground El Paso is also home to Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech College of Architecture at El Paso, Brightwood College, Park University, Webster University and the University of Phoenix. Also due to its proximity, many El Paso students attend New Mexico State University where the school offers in-state tuition to El Paso County residents. The El Paso Community College serves most of the region as well as a several technical schools and for profit schools. El Paso region students primarily attend enhance schools in four school districts, El Paso Independent School District, Ysleta Independent School District, Socorro Independent School District and Canutillo Independent School District. Numerous accredited private preliminary schools also serve El Paso students. These include various pre-high school theological (Christian, Catholic, Jewish) affiliates and Montessori schools, Cathedral High School, Loretto Academy, Father Yermo High School, Lydia Patterson Institute, Faith Christian Academy, El Paso Jewish Academy, Rose of Sharon Christian Academy, Zion Lutheran Day School and Radford School. The El Paso Public Library serves the needs of the enhance in El Paso, Southern New Mexico, and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. It also has multiple outreach services available, including a homebound service. Livability.com ranked El Paso's libraries as the 6th best library for kids in the U.S. The chief newspapers are the English-language daily El Paso Times, established in 1881; the Spanish-language daily El Diario de El Paso, and the online journal El Paso Herald Post started in 2015. The initial and defunct El Paso Herald Post was also established in 1881 as the El Paso Herald, which then consolidated with the El Paso Post in 1931. El Paso also has some weekly and niche magazines. El Paso Inc El Paso Developmental News El Paso News Radio stations in the El Paso, Texas market Radio stations from Las Cruces, New Mexico, and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, can also be heard inside the El Paso market. El Paso was the biggest city in the United States without a PBS tv station inside the town/city limits until 1978. KTSM-TV reports that cellular phone users in El Paso may be subject to global calling fees. El Paso Children's Hospital at the Medical Center of the Americas El Paso is the medical core of West Texas and Southern New Mexico, hosting various state-of-the-art medical centers. Some of the city's top hospitals include William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Sierra Medical Center, Las Palmas Medical Center, Del Sol Medical Center, Sierra Providence East Medical Center, El Paso Children's Hospital, and Providence Memorial Hospital. William Beaumont Army Medical Center will be replaced by a new state of the art $650 million Fort Bliss Replacement Hospital expected to open in 2017. West El Paso will be getting a new $120 million 140-bed teaching hospital complex with assembly expected to be instead of by late 2016. El Paso is also home to the Medical Center of the Americas, an integrated complex of medical facilities anchored by Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, its major teaching hospital University Medical Center, the El Paso Psychiatric Center and by the new El Paso Children's Hospital. Hotel Bristol and the Union Depot at El Paso, Texas (postcard, about 1912) El Paso is served by El Paso International Airport and Amtrak via the historic Union Depot. Several roads and highways connect El Paso, including Interstate 10, US Highway 54 (known locally as "54", the "North-South Freeway" or officially as the Patriot Freeway), Spur 601 (Liberty Expressway), US Highway 180 and US Highway 62 (Montana Avenue), US Highway 85 (Paisano Drive), Loop 375, Loop 478 (Copia Street-Pershing Drive-Dyer Street), various Texas Farm-to-Market roads (a class of state highway generally abbreviated to FM) and the city's initial thoroughfare, State Highway 20, the easterly portion of which is known locally as Alameda Avenue (formerly US Highway 80). Texas 20 also includes portions of Texas Avenue in central El Paso, Mesa Street from Downtown to the West Side, and Doniphan Drive on the West Side. Northeast El Paso is connected to West El Paso by Transmountain Road (Loop 375). In 2009, El Paso was home to number 52, number 98, and number 100 of the 100 most congested roads in Texas, which are, in the order given: North Zaragoza Road between Sun Fire Boulevard and Interstate 10; Lee Trevino Drive between Montana Avenue and Interstate 10; and Interstate 10 between Patriot Freeway and Loop 375. In 2016, Walk Score ranked El Paso as the 32nd most walkable of the 50 biggest U.S. Airport Security Concourse at the El Paso International Airport El Paso International Airport, a enhance airport four miles (6 km) northeast of downtown El Paso. Amtrak, the nationwide passenger rail system, serves El Paso at the Union Depot, operating its Sunset Limited/Texas Eagle three times weekly between Los Angeles and New Orleans via San Antonio and Houston and between Los Angeles and Chicago via San Antonio and Fort Worth. The initial US 54 was a transcontinental route connecting El Paso with Chicago. Texas 178.svg SH 178: Artcraft Road in northwest El Paso extends from Interstate 10 west to the New Mexico state line, at which point it becomes New Mexico Highway 136, the Pete V. Texas - SL375.png Loop 375: Texas Highway Loop 375 encircles the town/city of El Paso. In east El Paso, the north- and south-bound sections are known as Joe Battle Boulevard, or simply as "the Loop". Border between downtown El Paso and the Ysleta area. Texas Spur 601.svg Spur 601: Once known as the Inner Loop, it was officially titled the Liberty Expressway by the El Paso City Council in April 2010 at the request of then Fort Bliss commander Maj. Texas FM 659.svg Zaragoza Road, running more or less north from the Ysleta International Bridge to US 62 180 (Montana Avenue), it lies mostly in east El Paso. Texas FM 3255.svg Texas Farm-to-Market Road 3255 runs north from US 54 to the New Mexico state line in northeast El Paso and bears the town/city street name Martin Luther King Boulevard. El Paso County Transit makes trips with small-capacity buses mainly in the easterly El Paso area. Historically, El Paso and Ciudad Juarez had a shared streetcar fitness with a peak electrified route mileage of 64 miles (103 km) in 1920. The fitness quickly spread into residentiary and industrialized areas of El Paso. At the close of 1943, the holding business El Paso Electric sold its subsidiary, the El Paso Electric Railway Company and its Mexican counterpart, to one of National City Lines' subsidiaries. This resulted in the formation of El Paso City Lines, whose domestic streetcar lines were replaced by buses in 1947. The global streetcar line which crossed the border via the Stanton Street Bridge continued to operate until 1973. In 1977, El Paso City Lines and two other bus companies were bought by the municipality and consolidated to form Sun City Area Transit (SCAT). El Paso Streetcar is a $90 million Sun Metro universal to restore and run the initial rolling stock on a 4.8 miles (7.7 km) route from Downtown El Paso to University of Texas at El Paso. The first bridge to cross the Rio Grande at El Paso del Norte was assembled in the time of Nueva Espana, over 250 years ago, from wood hauled in from Santa Fe. Today, this bridge is honored by the undivided Santa Fe Street Bridge, and Santa Fe Street in downtown El Paso. The Bridge of the Americas as seen from El Paso, Texas in June 2016. Several bridges serve the El Paso Ciudad Juarez area: See also: List of citizens from El Paso, Texas National Register of Historic Places listings in El Paso County, Texas Official records for El Paso kept January 1879 to June 1947 at downtown and at El Paso Int'l since July 1947. "Visit El Paso, Texas". "El Chuco tells of El Paso pachuco history Ramon Renteria". El Paso Times. "El Paso Juarez Las Cruces" (PDF). El Paso Times. "El Paso businessman to make large donation for medical center". El Paso Times. "El Paso Named Safest U.S. El Paso Chronicles: A Record of Historical Events in El Paso, Texas. El Paso, A Borderlands History, by W.H. El Paso, Texas from the Handbook of Texas Online "elpasonext Downtown El Paso History". El Paso: UTEP. Special Enumeration of the Population of El Paso, Tex: January 15, 1916. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): El Paso city, Texas". "El Paso Heavy Snow Events". "Meteorological Aspects of the 2006 El Paso Texas Metropolitan Area Floods". "Station Name: TX EL PASO INTL AP". "Downtown El Paso has colorful history." El Paso Times. "El Paso Juarez Regional Historic Population Summary Development Services Department, Planning Division" (PDF). "El Paso (city), Texas". El Paso Inc. "City of EL Paso Financial Services". "El Paso: Economy Major Industries and Commercial Activity". El Paso Times. "El Paso's 28 companies second in country for Hispanic Business 500". El Paso Times. "Fort Bliss, Beaumont infuse $6 billion into El Paso economy". El Paso Times. [dead link]"ADP plans to add 1,100 jobs in El Paso by 2020". El Paso Times. "Convention and Tourism Highlights City of El Paso FY2013 Manager's Proposed Budget" (PDF). El Paso Times. "El Paso Downtown Street Festival". "Sun City Music Festival 2015 in El Paso, Texas". "El Paso Symphony". "Ingeborg Heuser Brought Professional Ballet to City 29 (2011) - Borderlands - Library Research Guides at El Paso Community College". "El Paso Conservatory of Dance". "El Paso City Ballet - Home". El Paso City Ballet. "El Paso Museum of Archaeology". "El Paso Museum of History". "Insights El Paso Science Museum". "El Paso Triple A Baseball". "El Paso gets Triple-A baseball team: Mountain - Star officially acquires Padres". "City of El Paso to revisit rules for parks & bathrooms". "El Paso Country Club". El Paso Times. City of El Paso. "El Paso City Charter amendments: 6 of 9 propositions allowed". El Paso Times. El Paso Times. "New town/city manager starts Monday - El Paso Inc.: Local News". "El Paso Downtown ballpark-guarantee push rejected". El Paso Times. "El Paso County Elections". El Paso Times. "Two new faces to join El Paso County Commissioners Court in the new year". "El Paso Resident Tuition". "Library soaring: El Paso fitness ranked 6th in US for kids". El Paso Times. El Paso Developmental News. "El Paso International Airport Operating Statistics for 2014". El Paso International Airport. El Paso Times. "El Paso's Spur 601 Expressway Now Fully Operational". "El Paso Mass Transit History". City of El Paso. "El Paso streetcar universal on schedule, on budget". The Secret War in El Paso: Mexican Revolutionary Intrigue, 1906-1920. El Paso, Texas City of El Paso Website El Paso Developmental News El Paso, Texas from the Handbook of Texas Online El Paso The Best Little Music City in Texas, from Vanity Fair, March 2009. Forty years at El Paso, 1858 1898; recollections of war, politics, adventure, affairs, anecdotals, sketches, etc., by W. Museums in El Paso County, Texas Municipalities and communities of El Paso County, Texas, United States Categories: El Paso, Texas - Cities in Texas - County seats in Texas - Mexico United States border suburbs - Populated places established in 1659 - Cities in El Paso County, Texas - 1659 establishments in New Spain - San Antonio-El Paso Road - Special economic zones of the United States